2 posts
Learn how each layer of the OSI model is targeted by cyber attackers. Explore common attacks from Layer 1 (Physical) to Layer 7 (Application) and how to defend against them effectively.
Enumeration is a key process in ethical hacking and penetration testing, where security professionals actively gather system information such as user accounts, network shares, and running services to identify vulnerabilities. Attackers, however, exploit enumeration techniques to breach security defenses. This blog covers various enumeration techniques, including Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) and Network File Sharing (NFS) exploits, along with their risks and security countermeasures. BGP, a protocol used for routing internet traffic, is vulnerable to hijacking, route injection, and man-in-the-middle attacks. NFS, which allows file sharing across networks, can expose organizations to unauthorized access and privilege escalation threats. To protect against enumeration attacks, organizations must implement firewalls, access restrictions, encryption, intrusion detection systems (IDS), and regular security audits, and should understand these techniques and deploy strong security measures.
